Author/Editor     Lužnik-Bufon, Tatjana
Title     Izolacija bolnikov z nalezljivimi boleznimi
Type     članek
Source     In: Dragaš AZ, Lorenčič-Robnik S, Kotnik-Kevorkijan B, editors. Zbornik predavanj Bolnišnične okužbe; 1999 maj 21-22; Maribor. Maribor: Splošna bolnišnica Maribor,
Publication year     1999
Volume     str. 97-108
Language     slo
Abstract     Hand hygiene is the most important method for preventing nosocomial transmission of infection. Last isolation guidelines from Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were published in 1994 and contains two tiers of precautions. The first is called standard precautions and combines the major features of universal precautions and body substance isolation. The primary purpose of universal precautions is to reduce the exposure of health care worker (HCW) to bloodborne pathogens, whereas the primary intend of body substance isolation is to reduce cross-transmission of microorganisms between patients by transient carriage on the hand of personell (protection of the HCW from the patient's microorganisms). These precautions apply to all patients regardless of diagnosis or known infection status. The second tier of precautions is for patients with documented or suspected transmissible or epidemiologicaly significant pathogens (transmission based isolation). They are of tree types: airborne, droplet and contact precautions and may be combined for diseases with multiple routes of transmission, and each type is used in addition to standard precautions. CDC recognised that no guidelines adequatly addresses each hospital's needs and each institution may modifay them as needed to fit their needs and may designe its own system of isolation having in mind risk factors, positive and negative consequences of preventive measures for patient and for hospital.
Descriptors     CROSS INFECTION
HANDWASHING
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
PATIENT ISOLATION
DISEASE TRANSMISSION