Author/Editor		Ružič, Romana; Jerman, Igor; Gogala, Nada
Title		Effect of weak low-frequency magnetic fields on spruce seed germination under acid conditions
Type		članek
Source		Can J Forest Res
Vol. and No.		Letnik 28
Publication year		1998
Volume		str. 609-16
Language		eng
Abstract		Abstract: We studied the effects of weak and extremely low frequency magnetic fields on the growth and germination of spruce seedlings (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) that were exposed simultaneously to different pH levels. The experiments showed that a weak, sinusoidal magnetic field (50 Hz, 26 and 105 microT, stimulation 12 h/day), which was computer controlled and generated by a system of Helmholtz-like coils, slightly reduced the length of the seedlings and delayed germination at low pH levels. A 26-microT magnetic field at 50 Hz slightly reduced the length of the seedlings at pH 2, delayed germination between pH 2 and 3, and caused no effects or were even stimulatory at pH 6 and 7. At a higher magnetic flux density ( 105 microT) the length, fresh weight, and germination were reduced mostly at pH 2 and 3 and with a higher statistical significance than at 26microT. Germination was influenced during the first days of germination, and later the effect diminished rapidly. A 10-microT magnetic field at 46 Hz stimulated only the length of the seedlings. This phenomenon corresponds to the observations made by some other authors, namely that biological systems during various phases of intensive growth and (or) in suboptimal environmental conditions (physiological stress) are prone to exhibit greater sensitivity to extremely low frequency fields.
Descriptors		TREES SEEDS GERMINATION ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION