Author/Editor		Černigoj, Matej
Title		Osnovne značilnosti biološke organizacije kot temelj za razumevanje človekovega vedenja
Translated title		Essential characteristics of biological organisation as a base for understanding of human behaviour
Type		članek
Source		Anthropos
Vol. and No.		Letnik 31, št. 4-6
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 37
Language		slo
Abstract		A well-known and also quite often discussed fact is that the level of psychological theories is pretty low.. Ambitious, all-emracing theories from the beginning of this century have more or less sullenly failed, therefore it is typical of contemporary theories that they are pragmatically, orientated and limited in range..This, however, leads to even greater professional fragmentness. The present article will emphasise the necessity of searching for the theoretical integration of psychological concepts, and above all, it suggests some starting points on which this integration could be rested. The concenpts of general systemic theory, and nowadays also a theory of dynamic systems, involve some essential ascertainments, valid for the life in general, but they also help us to understand human behaviour and functioning. It is about the essential differences with which the life is distinguished from lifeless matter, and about the most general principles of operating of self-regulation processes. Regarding human, these are no more absolutely in function of survival of the individual and species, but they still preserve the essential properties of all the regulation processes. For that very reason an understanding of human behaviour is much easier. However, this approach is certainly nothing new within psychology. It namely presents the basis of the entire work of J. Piaget, who - on grounds of relation between organic regulation and cognitive processes - was engaged in an analysis of epistemological problems. In spite of all that, the general concepts about functioning of living systems are too often insufficiently taken into consideration in psychological explanations of human behaviour.
Summary		Dobro znano in tudi že precej obravnavano dejstvo je, da je raven psiholoških teorij na precej nizki stopnji. Ambiciozne, vseobsegajoče teorije z začetka stoletja so bolj ali manj klavrno propadle, zato je za sodobne teorije značilna ozka, pragmatična usmeritev, ki pa vodi v vse večjo fragmentiranost stroke. Pričujoči članek želi poudariti nujnost iskanja teoretične intervencije psiholoških spoznanj, predvsem pa ponuja nekaj izhodišč, na katerih bi ta integracija lahko slonela. Iz spoznanj splošne sistemske teorije in v novejšem času tudi teorije dinamičnih sistemov je namreč mogoče potegniti nekaj bistvenih ugotovitev, ki veljajo za življenje na splošno, pomagajo pa razumeti tudi vedenje in funkcioniranje človeka. Gre za bistvene razlike, po katerih se življenje razlikuje od nežive snovi, ter za najsplošnejša načela delovanja procesov avtoregulacije. Ti pri človeku sicer niso več popolnoma v funkciji preživetja posmeznika in vrste, ohranijo pa bistvene lastnosti vseh procesov regulacije, zaradi česar je razumevanje človekovega vedenja precej olajšano. Ta pristop v psihologiji seveda nikakor ni nov. Predstavlja namreč temelj celotnega dela J. Piageta, ki se je na osnovi odnosa med organsko regulacijo in kognitivnimi procesi lotil obravnave epistemoloških vprašanj. Kljub temu pa je upoštevanje splošnih spoznanj o delovanju živih sistemov pri razlaganju človekovega vedenja med psihologi vse premalo prisotno.
Descriptors		BEHAVIOR EVOLUTION HOMEOSTASIS