Author/Editor		Blinc, Aleš
Title		Ultrazvočna preiskava ven na okončinah
Translated title		Ultrasound examination of limb veins
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. Suppl 6
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 88-95
Language		slo
Abstract		Deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs is a common disease that may lead to fatal pulmonary embolism. A common late consequence of deep venous thrombosis is insufficiency of the deep venous valves, which leads to edema and ulceration in the context of the post-thrombotic syndrome. Clinical diagnosis of venous thrombosis is unreliable and should be supplemented by objective testing. In the last decade, venous ultrasonography has become the preferred testing method. Contemporary ultrasound examination of the veins combines morphological imaging (B-mode) with colour Doppler flow mapping. The most reliable ultrasonographic criterion for the diagnosis of femoral and popliteal venous thrombosis is the incomplete compressibility of the vein by the probe. Vein compression ultrasound is supplemented by visualisation of the thrombus, examination of the morphology of the veins and Doppler flow mapping. Ultrasound may be used for the assessment of superficial venous insufficiency, which most commonly is not caused by venous thrombosis. Criteria for the diagnosis of upper limb venous thrombosis are modified, but essentially similar to those used in the lower limbs. Rational testing for deep venous thrombosis combines a clinical assessment of the pretest probability of the disease and the choice of an appropriate objective test, which is most commonly venous ultrasonography.
Summary		Venska tromboza spodnjih udov je pogosta bolezen, katere najnevarnejši zaplet je pljučna embolija pogosta pozna posledica pa je insuficienca zaklopk na globokih venah, kar povzroča otekanje in razjede v sklopu potrombotičnega sindroma. Klinično diagnostiko venske tromboze moramo zaradi nezanesljivosti dopolnjevati z objektivnimi preiskovalnimi metodami, med katerimi se je v zadnjem desetletju najbolj uveljavila ultrazvočna preiskava. Sodobni ultrazvočni pregled ven združuje slikovni prikaz (B-mode) in barvni doplerski prikaz toka krvi. Najzanesljivejše ultrazvočno merilo za ugotavljanje femoralne in poplitealne venske tromboze je nepopolna stisljivost vene ob pritisku z ultrazvočno sondo. Preiskavo stisljivosti ven dopolnjujemo s prikazom tromba, morfologije ven ter ocenjevanjem pulznega doplerskega signala. Z ultrazvočno preiskavo lahko prikažemo povrhnjo vensko insuficienco, ki praviloma ni posledica venske tromboze. Za ultrazvočno diagnostiko venske tromboze na zgornjih udih uporabljamo nekoliko prilagojene diagnostične kriterije, ki pa so v načelu podobni kot na spodnjih udih. Racionalna diagnostika venske tromboze temelji na klinični oceni predtestne verjetnosti bolezni in izbiri objektivne preiskave, največkrat ultrazvoka.
Descriptors		THROMBOPHLEBITIS EXTREMITIES