Author/Editor		Groznik, Matjaž
Title		Oviranost in potrebe po rehabilitaciji ambulantnih bolnikov s shizofrenijo
Translated title		Disabilities and rehabilitation needs in outpatients with schizophrenia
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. 4
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 485-500
Language		slo
Abstract		The aim of this study was to identify the symptoms, disabilities and needs of schizophrenic outpatients. Fifty schizophrenic outpatients (5 % sample, 31 males and 19 females; mean age 43 years) receiving maintenance depot neuroleptic therapy were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The patients were interviewed using standardized scales. The female patients were found to have been employed for a longer period than males (p < 0.01 ). Most patients had disability pension and lived with their parents, while females had more frequent contacts with their partners than wilh their parents. The quality of life was positively correlated with female sex, broader social network and longer period of employment. The most frequently reported needs referred to the management of psychotic symptoms and physical health, company, housekeeping skills and preparation of meals. The patients' needs were not satisfied in the following areas: company, information about the condition and treatment, accommodation, physical health, daytime activities, psychological distress, money, benefits, sexual expression. Local services proved inadequate, particularly as concerns the management of psychotic symptoms. The patients were more satisfied with the role of of their relatives and friends in satisfying their social needs. It was found that the patients were poorly informed about the available services; therefore more emphasis should be placed on this aspect of patient education. Further research should be directed to the evaluation of the complementarity of different services, as well as to the formulation of strategies for a more effective service provision.
Summary		Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti psihopatološko simptomatiko, oviranosti in potrebe bolnikov s shizofrenijo, ki se zdravijo ambulantno. V raziskavo smo vključili 50 bolnikov s shizofrenijo (5 % vzorec populacije), ki se vzdrževalno zdravijo z nevroleptiki v obliki depoja na Centru za izvenbolnišnično psihiatrijo. Bolnike smo intervjuvali s standardiziranimi ocenjevalnimi lestvicami. Razliko med spoloma smo ugotavljali s t-testom in testom hi kvadrat. Pri ženskah so bili izraženi nekateri blažji simptomi, ki so zmerno zmanjšali učinkovitost in samostojnost. Moški so bili manj učinkoviti in samostojni ter so imeli bolj izražene težave. Ženske so imele daljšo delovno dobo kot moški (p < 0,01 ). Večina bolnikov je bila upokojena in je živela s starši. Bolniki so najpogosteje izrazili potrebe na naslednjih področjih: obvladovanje simptomov, telesno zdravje, družba, gospodinjske spretnosti, hrana in priprava obrokov. Potrebe bolnikov niso bile zadovoljene na naslednjih področjih: družba, informacije o stanju in zdravju, stanovanje, telesno zdravje, zaposlitev in dnevne aktivnosti, duševna stiska, denar, ugodnosti in spolno izražanje. Večina bolnikov dobiva premalo pomoči od lokalnih služb, zlasti na področju obvladovanja znakov duševne motnje. S pomočjo, ki so jo dobili od svojcev in prijateljev na področju socialnih potreb, so bili zadovoljnejši. Pri kliničnem delu je treba nameniti večjo pozornost izobraževanju in seznanjanju bolnikov z oblikami pomoči. Z nadaljnimi raziskavami je treba ugotoviti, koliko se različne vrste pomoči medsebojno dopolnjujejo in kako bi lahko učinkovitost pomoči še izboljšali.
Descriptors		SCHIZOPHRENIA DISABILITY EVALUATION QUALITY OF LIFE OUTPATIENTS QUESTIONNAIRES SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS SEX FACTORS