Author/Editor		Strojan, Primož
Title		Lizosomske cisteinske proteinaze, njihovi endogeni zaviralci in rak
Translated title		Lysosomal cysteine proteinases, their endogenous inhibitors and cancer
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. 4
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 555-67
Language		slo
Abstract		Lysosomal cysteine proteinases, termed also cysteine cathepsins, are ubiquitous proteolytic enzymes. The most important group of their endogenous inhibitors belongs to the cystatin superfamily, which consists of three families: stefins, cystatins and kininogens. The involvement of cysteine cathepsins and cystatins in proteolytic processes, leading to invasion and disseminiantion of tumor cells, has been confirmed by the results of several in vitro and in vivo studies. These findings suggested that they paly a role in the prognosis of the course of the disease and survival of cancer patients. The paper describes the biochemical properties of lysosomal cysteine proteinases and their endogenoous inhibitors, as well as the role they play in the cell and in malignant tumor growth and dissemination. Cinical studies evaluating these new biological prognostic factors in cancer patients are reviewed. The results are encouraging, particularly for patients with breast cancer, but they are not yet conclusive enough to be applied in the daily clinical practice along with the already established prognostic factors.
Summary		Izvleček. Lizosomske cisteinske proteinaze, imenovane tudi cisteinski katepsini, so ubikvitarni proteolitični encimi. Najpomembnejša skupina njihovih endogenih zaviralcev tvori naddružino cistatinov, ki jo sestavljajo tri družine: stefini, cistatini in kininogeni. Vpletenost cisteinskih katepsinov in cistatinov v proteolitične procese, ki vodijo v invazijo in zasevanje tumorskih celic, so potrdili rezultati številnih raziskav in vitro in in vivo. Na teh spoznanjih temelji predpostavka o njihovi možni vlogi kazalcev za napoved poteka bolezni in preživetja bolnikov z rakom. V prispevku so opisane biokemične Iastnosti lizosomskih cisteinskih proteinaz in njihovih endogenih zaviralcev, njihova vloga v celici ter pri rasti in zasevanju malignih tumorjev. Podan je podroben pregled kliničnih raziskav, ki obravnavajo napovedni pomen teh novih bioloških kazalcev pri bolnikih z rakom. Rezultati so spodbudni, še posebej v primeru karcinoma dojke, vendar zaenkrat še ne dopuščajo njihove uporabe v vsakodnevni klinični praksi skupaj z že uveljavljenimi napovednimi kazalci.
Descriptors		NEOPLASMS PROGNOSIS CYSTEINE PROTEINASES CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS LYSOSOMES BREAST NEOPLASMS LUNG NEOPLASMS HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASMS