Author/Editor		Kotnik, Vladimir
Title		Imunski odziv kot škoda za bolnika
Translated title		The harmfull side of the immune response
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. Suppl 7
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 5-12
Language		slo
Abstract		Hypersensitivity is characterized with four types of immune reactions. Those which come into existence quickly, faster than in 12 hours, are of the immediate type, those which become evident later than in 12 hours, usually after two or three days after new contact with an antigen, are called the late hypersensitivity reactions. Hypersensitivity is mediated with the synthesis of antibodies of IgE, IgG and IgM isotype, activation of the complement system, and the development of activated macrophages and lymphocytes T. Important factors in hypersensitivity are also cytokines and chemokines, molecules involved in the maturation and proliferation of lymphocytes, macrophages, basophil, eosinophil and neutrophil granuocytes, and their migration and activation. Because of better knowledge of the mechanisms necessary for the development of all four types of hypersensitivity, it will soon be possible to prepare useful drugs and treatment protocols for curing these diseases.
Summary		Preobčutljivost se izraža s štirimi tipi reakcij, ki nastajajo različno hitro po ponovnem stiku z antigenom. Tiste, ki nastanejo prej kot v 12 urah, prištevamo med reakcije takojšnjega ali zgodnjega tipa, tiste, ki pa nastanejo po enem do treh dni, pa reakcije poznega tipa. Preobčutljivosti posredujejo protitelesa, ki sodijo v imunoglobulinske razrede IgE, IgG in IgM; pomemben dejavnik sta aktivacija komplementnega sistema in nastanek aktiviranih makrofagov in citotoksičnih limfocitov T. Poleg tega so pomembni vplivi citokinov in kemokinov, ki sodelujejo pri rojstvu, dozorevanju in potovanju efektorskih ali včasih tudi tarčnih celic: limfocitov, makrofagov, bazofilnih, eosinofilnih in nevtrofilnih granulocitov. Zaradi boljšega poznavanja nastanka različnih oblik preobčutljivosti je blizu čas, ko bo mogoče pripraviti zdravila in izoblikovati postopke, ki bodo preprečevali nastanek ali delovanje s preobčuljivostjo povezanih patogenetskih dejavnikov.
Descriptors		HYPERSENSITIVITY ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY, DELAYED IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES CYTOTOXICITY, IMMUNOLOGIC