Author/Editor		Maček, Vasilija
Title		Topična uporaba kortikosteroidov pri zdravljenju astme
Translated title		Topic use of corticosteroids in asthma management
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. Suppl 7
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 145-50
Language		slo
Abstract		Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving a characteristic pattern of airway infiltration with lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells, subepithelial deposition of collagen, and hypertrophy and hyperplasia of smooth muscle and of goblet cells and submucosa glands. The consequences of this chronic process include episodic or persistent symptoms, bronchial hyperreactivity, attacks of bronchoconstriction that may require emergency care or hospitalization and can lead to death, impairment in quality of life, and the development of irreversible airflow obstruction. Careful pathological studies have shown that inhaled corticosteroid therapy can reverse or supress airway inflammation, and prospective controlled clinical trials have proven that it can also improve symptoms, reduce bronchial hyperreactivity, reduce the frequency and severity of attacks and the risk of asthma fatality. It is also highly likely, althrough not yet proven, that inhaled corticosteroid therapy reduces, prevents or retards airway wall remodeling. Early intervention with inhaled corticosteroids is important in children to reduce the risk of diminished lung function. The disease can be satisfactory managed with low doses if treatment is started early.
Summary		Astma je kronična vnetna bolezen dihalnih poti, za katero je značilna specifična oblika vnetja: infiltracija dihal z limfociti, eozinofilci in mastociti, subepitelialno nalaganje kolagena, hipertrofija in hiperplazija gladkih mišic, čašic in submukoznih žlez. Posledica tega kroničnega procesa so epizodični ali perzistentni simptomi astme, ki slabšajo kakovost življenja, povzročajo razvoj ireverzibilne zapore dihalnih poti, bronhialno hiperreaktivnost, napade bronhokonstrikcije, ki potrebujejo obravnavo v nujni pomoči, sprejem v bolnišnico ali celo povzročijo smrt. Histopatološke raziskave so pokazale, da zdravljenje z inhalacijskimi kortikosteroidi obrne ali zavre astmatično vnetje diahalnih poti. S prospektivnimi kontroliranimi kliničnimi raziskavami so dokazali, da inhalacijski kortikosteroidi zboljšajo tudi simptome bolezni, zmanjšajo bronhialno hiperreaktivnost, število in težo poslabšanj bolezni ter smrtnost zaradi astme. Zelo verjetno tudi preprečijo ali upočasnijo strukturno preoblikovanje dihalnih poti. Pri otrocih je zaradi možnih trajnih posledic na rast pljučne funkcije pomembna zgodnja uvedba zdravljenja. Astma, ki jo pričnemo zdraviti zgodaj, za umiritev potrebuje manjše odmerke zdravil.
Descriptors		ASTHMA ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES ADMINISTRATION, INHALATION