Author/Editor		Stefanovič, Milan; Gorenšek, Milan; Juteršek, Albert; Zorko, Tatjana
Title		Koloskopije pri osebah z nizkim tveganjem karcinoma širokega črevesa
Translated title		Colonoscopy in individuals at low risk for colorectal carcinoma
Type		članek
Source		Endoskopska revija
Vol. and No.		Letnik 5, št. 11
Publication year		2000
Volume		str. 3-13
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide. Colonoscopy, faecal occult blood test and rectoscopy, used currently for the diagnosis of this condition, identify solely 40% of CRCs at a stage when the treatment tends to yield satisfactory results. The incidence of CRC in the general population can be notably reduced by colonoscopy screening. For individuals included in this screening programme, the risk of CRC, which is the second leading cause of cancer death, is practically eliminated. Methods and results. In the past 6 years, colonoscopy was done in 837 asymptomatic individuals, 650 men and 187 women, presenting at the Bogatin Diagnostic Centre, Bled. Adenomatous polyps were discovered in 254 (30.4%) of the subjects examined; 43 (5.1%) had polyposis with severe dysplasia. Colonoscopy yielded normal results in 307 (36.7%) individuals. Carcinoma was diagnosed in 2 (0.2%) individuals, one man and one woman. Conclusions. Colonoscopy identifies most CRCs and prevents their development. The 1995 WHO recommendations regarding the population screening for CRC are useful, yet inadequate. The high incidence of CRC calls for the endorsement of general population screening programmes as only early identification and resection of all colorectal polyps can effectively prevent the development of CRC. Our results have reinforced the value of colonoscopy, and, indirectly, of sigmoidoscopy, for screening asymptomatic individuals. Also, they acord with the scarce data reported in the literature.
Summary		Izhodišča. Karcinom širokega črevesa (KŠČ) je velik problem po vsem svetu. S trenutno izvajano diagnostično koloskopijo, preiskavo blata na prikrito krvavitev, rektokospijo ugotovimo le 40% KŠČ v lokaliziranem stadiju, ko so uspehi zdravljenja še zadovoljivi. Gledano na celotno populacijo lahko presejalna koloskopija uspešno zmanjša KŠČ. Pri preiskovancu, ki ga je presejalni program zajel pa v celoti odpravi KŠČ, ki je vzrok karcinomske smrti po pogostnosti na drugem mestu. Metoda in rezultati. V Diagnostičnem centru Bled smo v šestih letih pri asimptomatskih osebah opravili 837 koloskopij - 650 pri moških in 187 pri ženskah. Polipe, ki so bili histološko adenomi, smo ugotovili pri 254 (30,4%) preiskovancih. 43 (5,1%) preiskovancev je imelo polipe s hudo displazijo. 307 (36,7%) preiskovancev je imelo normalen izvid. Dva preiskovanca, en moški in ena ženska, sta imela karcinom (0,2%). Zaključek. Koloskopija odkrije in prepreči razvoj večine KŠČ. Trenutno veljavna priporočila Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) iz leta 1995, glede presejanja populacije za KŠČ so sicer koristna, vendar ne zadostna. Danes na žalost ugotovimo vse preveč KŠČ. Zato je potrebno preiti k presejanju celotne populacije in s tem dovolj zgodnji ugotovitvi in odstranitvi vseh polipov širokega črevesa. Le tako lahko uspešno in pravočasno preprečimo nastanek KŠČ. Naši rezultati potrjujejo vrednost in koristnost koloskopije in posredno tudi sigmoidoskopije, pri asimptomatskih osebah in se skladajo z drugimi redkimi prej objavljenimi rezultati v tuji literaturi.
Descriptors		COLONIC NEOPLASMS COLONOSCOPY RISK FACTORS HEALTH FOOD ASPIRIN SEX FACTORS SIGMOIDOSCOPY CLINICAL COMPETENCE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT NEOPLASM STAGING