Author/Editor		Soomets, Ursel; Lindgren, Maria; Gallet, Xavier; Haellbrink, Mattias; Elmquist, Anna; Balaspiri, Lajos; Zorko, Matjaž; Pooga, Margus; Brasseur, Robert; Langel, Uelo
Title		Deletion analogues of transportan
Type		članek
Source		Biochim Biophys Acta
Vol. and No.		Letnik 1467
Publication year		2000
Volume		str. 165-76
Language		eng
Abstract		Several shorter analogues of the cell penetrating peptide, transportan, have been synthesized in order to define the regions of the sequence, which are responsible for the membrane translocation property of the peptide. Penetration of the peptides into Bowes melanoma cells and the influence on GTPase activity in Rin m5F cellular membranes have been tested. The experimental data on cell penetration have been compared with molecular modeling of insertion of peptides into biological membranes. Omission of six amino acids from the N-terminus did not significantly impair the cell penetration of the peptide while deletions at the C-terminus or in the middle of the transportan sequence decreased or abolished the cellular uptake. Most transportan analogues exert an inhibitory effect on GTPase activity. Molecular modeling shows that insertion of the transportan analogues into the membrane differs for different peptides. Probably the length of the peptide as well as the location of aromatic and positively charged residues have major impact on the orientation of peptides in the membranes and thereby influence the cellular penetration. In summary, we have designed and characterized several novel short transportan analogues with similar cellular translocation properties to the parent peptide, but with reduced undesired cellular activity.
Descriptors		MELANOMA TUMOR CELLS, CULTURED PEPTIDE FRAGMENTS HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS PEPTIDE CHAIN TERMINATION GUANOSINE 5'-O-(3-THIOTRIPHOSPHATE) MODELS, MOLECULAR IODINE RADIOISOTOPES GALANIN WASP VENOMS