Author/Editor		Stubbs, Simon; Rupnik, Maja; Gibert, Maryse; Brazier, Jon; Duerden, Brian; Popoff, Michel
Title		Production of actin-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase (binary toxin) by strains of Clostridium difficile
Type		članek
Source		Fems Microbiol Lett
Vol. and No.		Letnik 186
Publication year		2000
Volume		str. 307-12
Language		eng
Abstract		In addition to the two large clostridial cytotoxins (TedA and TedB) certain strains of Clostridium difficile produce an actin-specific ADP ribosyltransferase, or binaty toxin. PCR reactions were developed to detect genes encoding the enzymatic (cdtA) and binding (cdtB) components of the binary toxin and 170 representative strains were tested to assess the prevalence of the toxin. Positive PCR results (n= 59) were confirmed by immunoblotting and ADP-ribosyltransferase assay. PCR ribotype and toxinotype (restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of genes for TcdA and TcdB) correlated with possession of binary toxin genes. All strains with cdtA and cdtB belonged to toxin-variable toxinotypes and five toxin-producing groups of strains have been described according to the presence or absence of TcdA, TcdB and binary toxin. Result indicate that ca. 6.4% of toxigenic isolates of C. difficile referred to the Anaerobe Reference Unit from UK hospitals have cdtA and cdtB genes.
Descriptors		CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE BACTERIAL TOXINS ACTINS NAD+ ADP-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE PHYLOGENY SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION POLYMORPHISM, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH