Author/Editor		Kandare, Franc
Title		Diferencialna diagnoza dispneje
Translated title		Differential diagnosis of dyspnea
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vars
Vol. and No.		Letnik 40, št. 3-6
Publication year		2001
Volume		str. 190-3
Language		slo
Abstract		Dyspnea is a term used to characterize subjective experience of breathing discomfort that is accompanied by a qualitatively distinct sensation that varies in intensity. The experience derives from interactions among multiple physiological psychological, social and environmental factors and may induce secondary physiological and behavioral responses. The definition includes several different sensations of breathing discomfort perceived in the sensory cortex as a result of afferent signals from several receptors localized in central nervous system, respiratory tract rib cage and respiratory muscles. Afferent information from the same receptors produces similar sensations of breathing discomfort irrespective of pathologic process causing receptor stimulation. In subjects experiencing sensations of breathing discomfort, the primary goal is to confirm if these sensations differ from those in normal subjects of the same age and in same provocative circumstances. The intensity of dyspnea is different in different subjects and does not always correlate well with the severity of underlying pathological process. A precise description of respiratory sensations can localize the excited receptors and thus indirectly point to possible pathophysiologic mechanism and underlying disease. Dyspnea is a common symptom in patients with cardiorespiratory disorders. In clinical practice it is important to distinguish dyspnea of either the respiratory or cardiocirculatory system. This distinction can significantly influence further diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Summary		Dispneja je izraz, s katerim označujemo subjektivna občutja dihalne nelagodnosti različnih kakovosti in intenzivnosti. Občutja nastanejo z interakcijo številnih fizioloških, psiholoških, socialnih in okoljskih dejavnikov, ki kasneje lahko povzročijo sekundarne fiziološke in vedenjske spremembe. Opisana definicija izraza zajema vrsto različnih občutij, ki nastanejo v senzornem delu možganov kot posledica številnih aferentnih signalov, ki prihajajo Iz različnih receptorjev. Ti so lokalizirani področju možganov, dihalnega sistema, prsne stene, dihalnih mišic. Aferentne informacije, ki izhajajo iz istih receptorjev, povzročijo kvalitetno podobno zaznavo, in sicer ne glede na to, kako in zaradi katere bolezni so bili receptorji vzdraženi. Pri osebi, ki navaja dispnoične težave moramo najprej ugotoviti ali se ta občutja pojavljajo v drugačnih okoliščinah kot pri zdravih osebah enake starosti. lntenzivnost dispneje je individualno različna in pogosto ni v povezavi z resnostjo obolenja. Natančen opis dihalnega nelagodja lahko nakaže vzrok dispneje (kateri receptorji so draženi), iz česar lahko sklepamo na patofiziološko dogajanje in verjetni patološki proces. Dispneja je pogost simptom pri kardiorespiratornih bolnikih. V klinični praksi se pogosto pojavlja vprašanje, kateri organski sistem (pljuča ali srce) je vzrok dihalnega neugodja. Določitev vzroka je požembna za nadaljnje ukrepanje. (Izvleček skrajšan pri 2000 znakih)
Descriptors		DYSPNEA DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL