Author/Editor		Črnivec, Rajko
Title		Ocena sevalne obremenjenosti ljudi pri nas in v svetu
Translated title		Assessment of radiation exposure of the Slovene and world population
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 39, št. 4
Publication year		2000
Volume		str. 419-27
Language		slo
Abstract		The annual and cumulative radiation exposure of the non-professional Slovene population is 21% greater than that world-wide, and so is the risk of stochastic effects. During a lifetime of 70 years, there exists a statistically significant correlation between the effective radiation dose and carcinogenicity for both the Slovene and world populations. Normal operation of nuclear power plants in Slovenia and in the world during their operational life does not cause tatistically significant stochastic effects on the local population living nearby. Therefore, this should not be the main reason for premature nuclear power plant closures. A comparison of world-wide data on radiation exposure and the risk of stochastic effects for local populataon shows that the Krško nuclear power plant is at the same mean level. The stochastic effects on the population during their residence in the vicinity of the Žirovski vrh uranium mine, are statistically insignificant, but not excluded. According to legislation in force regarding radiation protection, it is necessary to monitor and register the radiation doses of medical origin in the population, in special cards enclosed with the health card. In professionally exposed persons, professional and non-professional radiation doses should be registered separately. The results of individual dosimetry should be registered properly and separately. Individual dosimetry should be supplemented to enable the calculation of effective radiation doses. A computerized state registry of radiation sources should be established in the Republic of Slovenia for professionally and non-professionally irradiated people in order to enable individual and epidemiological follow-up of their health risks.
Summary		Primerjalno je ocenjena letna in življenjska nepoklicna sevalna obremenjenost slovenskega prebivalca za 21 % večja od svetovne, kar pomeni večje tveganje nastanka stohastičnih učinkov V življenjski dobi 70 let tako pri slovenskem kot pri svetovnern prebivalcu obstaja statistično dokazljiva zveza med efektivno dozo in nastankom raka. Ob normalnem obratovanju nuklearke pri nas, kot tistih v svetu, je med obratovalno dobo njihov vpliv na nastanek stohastičnih učinkov pri okolnem prebivalstvu statistično nedokazljiv, ne pa izključen, vendar pa zelo malo verjeten, tako da ne opravičuje predčasnega zapiranja jedrskih elektrarn. Primerjalno sta sevalna obremenjenost in tveganje stohastičnih učinkov pri prebivalcu v okolici Nuklearne elektrarne Krško (NEK) na ravni svetovnega povprečja. Vpliv Rudnika Žirovski vrh (RŽV) v življenski dobi okolnega prebivalstva na nastanek stohastičnih učinkov je statistično nedokazljiv, ni pa izključen. V skladu s še veljavno zakonodajo o varstvu pred sevanji bvše SFRJ je nujno sprotno spremljanje in vpisovanje prejetih doz sevanja od medicinskih virov v posebni pregledni kartonček (knjižica ali dodatek k zdravstveni knjižici). Pri poklicno izpostavljenih delavcih bi se posebej v kartonček vpisovale poklicno in nepoklicno prejete doze ionizirnega sevanja (IS). Dosedanjo individualno dozimetrijo bo treba izpopolniti tako, da bodo resnično možni izračuni efektivnh doz IS: V RS je treba vzpostaviti računalniško podprt republiški pregled virov IS ter poklicno in nepoklicno umetno obsevanih ljudi za individualno in epidemiološko spremljanje njihove zdravstvene ogroženost.
Descriptors		RADIATION MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE RADIATION, IONIZING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE RADIATION EFFECTS RADIATION DOSAGE NUCLEAR REACTORS