| Abstract | | Functional dysphonia is the cause of hoarseness in almost one half of the patients with voice disorders. The otorhinolaryngologic examination of the patient discovers no evident organic lesions in the larynx. The ground for the hoarse voice is an abnormal activity of the muscles taking part in breathing, phonation and/or articulation. In many cases, the factors directly or indirectly influencing the development of functional dysphonia are unfavourable living or working environment and diseases which change the quality of laryngeal mucosa, the tension of the vocal folds, or increase voice use. The psychogenic factors must not be forgotten, too. In the diagnostics and treatment of the functional dysphonia, a phoniatrician, a speech therapist and a psychologist closely cooperate with the patient who must also have an active role. The treatment is a long-lasting one but it is successful in a high percentage.
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| Summary | | Funkcionalna disfonija je vzrok hripavosti pri skoraj polovici bolnikov z glasovnimi motnjami. Pri otorinolaringološkem pregledu očitnih organskih sprememb na grlu ne najdemo, saj je vzrok nepravilna (praviloma prevelika) aktivnost mišic, ki sodelujejo pri dihanju, fonaciji in/ali artikulaciji. Pogosti vzroki za nastanek ali razvoj glasovne motnje so neugodno bivalno ali delovno okolje ali pa bolezni, ki neposredno ali posredno vplivajo na kakovost sluznice grla, napetost glasilk pri fonaciji ali glasovno obremenitev. Pomemben dejavnik pri razvoju funkcionalne disfonije je lahko tudi psihogen. V diagnostičnem postopku ter zdravljenju sodelujejo foniater, logoped in psiholog, za uspešno zdravljenje pa je nujno tudi aktivno sodelovanje bolnika samega. Zdravljenje je dolgotrajno, vendar v visokem odstotku uspešno.
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