Author/Editor		Bečan, Franci
Title		Zdravljenje akutnih okužb dihal v družinski medicini
Translated title		Treatment of acute respiratory infections in family medicine
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vars
Vol. and No.		Letnik 40, št. 11-12
Publication year		2001
Volume		str. 340-3
Language		slo
Abstract		Acute respiratory infections present approximately one fifth of causes for the first visit of family doctor (4). The majority of patients with extrahospital pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are treated in out-patient health centres. Microbiologic examinations are only exceptionally included into diagnostics, therefore the treatment is empirical, based on anamnesis, clinical picture, chest x-ray and blood film. Such a treatment requests adequate national recommendations, based on exact data about most frequent pathologic agents and reporting of resistency against antibiotics (1). Diagnostics and treatment of lower respiratory infections are the subject of national guidelines in numerous countries, from 1997 also in Slovenia. In 1998 the European Respiratory Association issued common recommendations for treatment of lower respiratory infections, which should be in force in all the European countries. Individual countries, however, should adapt them to their local specifities and to their own microbiologic data (12). According to this study, the treatment of patients with acute lower respiratory infection does not present a major problem to family doctors, but the approach regarding diagnostics as well as treatment is rather heterogeneous.
Summary		Akutne okužbe na dihalih predstavljajo približno petino vzrokov za prvi obisk pri zdravniku družinske medicine (4). Zdravljenje večine bolnikov z zunajbolnišnično pljučnico in akutno eksacerbacijo kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni poteka ambulantno. V diagnostično obdelavo so le izjemoma vključene mikrobiološke preiskave, zato je zdravljenje empirično na osnovi anamneze, klinične slike, rentgenske slike prsnih organov in hemograma. Tako zdravljenje zahtevajo ustrezna nacionalna priporočila, ki temeljijo na natančnih podatkih o najpogostejših povzročiteljih in javljanju odpornosti proti antibiotikom (1). Diagnosticiranje in zdravljenje okužb spodnjih dihal sta predmet nacionalnih smernic v številnih državah, tudi v Sloveniji od leta 1997. Evropsko respiratorno združenje je leta 1998 izdalo skupna poporočila za zdžavljenje okužb spodnjih dihal, ki naj veljajo v vseh evropskih državah posamezne države pa naj jih pižilagodijo svojim lokalnim posebnostim in lastnim mikrobiološkim podatkom (12). Obravnava bolnikov z akutno okužbo na spodnjih dihalih zdravnikom družinske medicine v predstavljeni raziskavi ne povzroča velikih težav, vendar je pristop tako glede diagnosticiranja kot glede zdravljenja zelo raznolik.
Descriptors		RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS FAMILY PRACTICE ACUTE DISEASE