Author/Editor		Ivanuša, T; Pogačnik, M
Title		Radiološka diagnostika in forenzična presoja kolčne displazije pri psih
Translated title		Radiological diagnostics and forensic of canine hip dysplasia
Type		članek
Source		Slov Vet Res
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. 4
Publication year		2001
Volume		str. 313-26
Language		slo, eng
Abstract		Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) remains the most common orthopaedic problem. It is an area of frequent dispute between breeders and pet owners. Veterinary medicine is often asked to give an expert forensic opinion to settle compensation claims. Canine hip dysplasia has been defined as a disease representing a disparity between the primary muscle mass and too rapid growth of the skeleton. The best available evidence shows that there is a genetic predisposition to CHD and that multiple genes are involved. In addition to the genetic component, environmental stresses play an important role in the manifestation of CHD. The most critical time in the development and stability of the coxofemoral joint is from birth to 60 days of age. The genetic susceptibility of the individual, unreliable early diagnosis, limited clinical signs and doubt about the appropriate timing of radiographic examination (currently 12 months of age) are among the reasons why an accurate forensic approach is needed, especially to establish the precise timing of any radiological changes caused by CHD. The main goal of this article was to outline a more reliable process for determining responsibility for an occurrence of CHD between a breeder ('genetic') and a pet owner ('environmental'), when an opinion is requested. Two separate forensic age classifications are suggested to help in the distribution of legal liability for an occurrence of CHD. Where a radiographic diagnosis of CHD is made in a dog less than 6 months of age, the primary liability is with the breeder. After six months of age there is an increasing responsibility on the new owner. A new forensic approach to determining responsibility is proposed and is based on available literature data explaining the pathogenesis of CHD and how to determine a precise radiological diagnosis.proposed forensic solution is original. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Summary		Kolčna displazija (KD) ostaja eden najpogostejših ortopedskih problemov pri psih. Predstavlja tudi pogost vzrok odškodninskih zahtevkov in nesoglasij med prodajalci in kupci živali. S prispevkom želimo pojasniti vzroke nastanka in opredeliti elemente za forenzično presojo kolčne displazije pri psih. Kolčna displazija je bolezen, ki nastane zaradi nesorazmerja med mišično maso in prehitro rastjo skeleta. Gre za dedno nagnjenje. Za razvoj bolezni so poleg dednih dejavnikov pomembni tudi stresni vplivi okolja. Kritično obdobje v razvoju in stabilnosti kolčnih sklepov je 60 dni po dnevu rojstva. Dedno nagnjenje, nezanesljiva zgodnja diagnostika, omejena klinična diagnostika, delno zanesljiva radiološka diagnoza podana pri 12. mesecu starosti, so dejavniki, ki KD uvrščajo med tiste bolezni, pri kateri mora biti forenzična presoja natančna, predvsem pa časovno opredelj ena. Prispevek v osnovnem sporočilu opredeljuje forenzično presojo bolezni zaradi ugotovitve odgovornosti vzrediteljev ali lastnikov v primerih odškodninskih zahtevkov. Predlagamo dve različni starostni skupini psov pri ugotavljanju vzroka za KD. Prvo, v kateri je bila z radiološko diagnostiko KD ugotovljena pred 6. mesecem starosti, in drugo v kateri je KD ugotovljena po 6 mesecu starosti. Odgovornost za nastalo napako v pri prvi skupini nosi vzreditelj, pri drugi skupini pa se povečuje odgovornost lastnikov obolelih psov. Ocena temelji na znanih in uveljavljenih podatkih iz literature, ki pojasnjujejo patogenezo in določajo radiološko diagnostiko KD. Med zanimive rezultate uvrščamo tudi kontrolo mejnih stopenj KD pri desetih psih, ki so na podlagi te radiološke diagnoze dobili vzrejno dovoljenje pri 12 mesecih starosti. Vzrejno dovoljenje smo pri psih z mejno stopnjo praviloma odsvetovali. (Izvleček prekinjen pri 2000 znakih).
Descriptors		HIP DYSPLASIA, CANINE EXPERT TESTIMONY DOGS