Author/Editor		Koprivec, Daša
Title		Celične in molekularno biološke spremembe urotelija sečnega mehurja podgan po enkratni aplikaciji ciklofosfamida
Type		monografija
Place		Ljubljana
Publisher		Medicinska fakulteta
Publication year		2002
Volume		str. 84
Language		slo
Abstract		Single dose of cyclophosphamide causes acute injury of the urinary bladder urothelium, which is followed by rapid regeneration. Cyclophosphamide metabolites are excreted in the urine and are probably responsible for necrosis of urothelial cells. Data about apoptotic cell death of the urothelial cells do not exist. Twenty-four hours after cyclophosphamide injection the basal lamina is supposed to be almost completely exposed, with relatively few surviving cells remaining. On the other hand, some previous studies had shown that during this period of time synthesis of DNA, mitotic and proliferation activity are increased. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the processes of cell death and proliferation within the period of first twentyfour hours after cyclophosphamide administration. Proved inflammatory response of the urinary bladder within this period of time lead us to study expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the urothelial cells. Our results show that the destruction of urothelium within twenty-four hours after cyclophosphamide injection is a very complex process, with not only necrosis, but also apoptosis and proliferation playing their parts. It can be divided into three overlapping phases. (i) The first eight or twelve hours after injection of cyclophosphamide are characterised by intensive necrosis, followed by desquamation of more or less damaged cells into the lumen of the urinary bladder. (ii) In the second phase (from eight or twelve hours until eighteen hours after cyclophosphamide injection) apoptosis prevails, leading to desquamation of the urothelial cells into the lumen of the urinary bladder. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Descriptors		BLADDER UROTHELIUM CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE APOPTOSIS RATS, INBRED F344 MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE NECROSIS CELL DIVISION PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN