Author/Editor		Rok-Simon, M
Title		Svetovanje o preprečevanju poškodb predšolskih otrok v zdravstvenem varstvu na primarni ravni
Translated title		Paediatric injury prevention counselling in primary health care settings
Type		članek
Source		Slov Pediatr
Vol. and No.		Letnik 9, št. 2-3
Publication year		2002
Volume		str. 44-50
Language		slo
Abstract		Background: In Slovenia injuries and poisonings are the leading cause of death among pre-school children. Development of the preventive program is based on data analysis of the nature and causes of injuries and is followed by the selection of effective preventive strategies. Counselling of parents in the primary health care is a successful childhood injury prevention strategy that improves parents' knowledge and proper use of safety devices. Material and methods: Mortality data and data on hospitalisation of pre-school children due to injuries and poisonings in the period 1991-2000 in Slovenia was analysed. On the basis of the results of systematic preventive visits for pre-school children and effective known preventive measures, the proposal for paediatric injury prevention counselling in primary health care was formulated. Results: In the past ten years there were 17 deaths due to unintentional injuries and poisonings among pre-school children each year and 1560 children were admitted to hospital. In all age groups the most frequent causes of death due to injuries were traffic accidents, drowning, suffocation and falls except for infants who are at risk of intentional injuries. Among the most frequent causes for hospitalisation are causes mentioned above as well as poisonings, burns and injuries due to sharp objects, tools and electric power. Conclusions: It is expected that the combination of injury prevention counselling to parents in primary health care settings, counselling by community nursing staff at home and the provision of subsidized safety devices in the newborn package will be more efž'ective in improving parents' knowledge and safety practices.
Summary		Izhodišča: V Sloveniji so poškodbe in zastrupitve vodilni vzrok umrljivosti predšolskih otrok. Oblikovanje preventivnega programa temelji na analizi podatkov o naravi in vzrokih poškodb, temu pa sledi izbira učinkovitih preventivnih strategij. Svetovanje staršem na primarni ravni je uspešna strategija za preprečevanje poškodb predšolskih otrok, s katero dosežemo izboljšanje znanja staršev in pravilno uporabo zaščitnih sredstev. Material in metode: Izdelana je bila analiza podatkov o umrljivosti in hospitalizacijah predšolskih otrok (0 - 6 let) zaradi poškodb in zastrupitev v letih 1991 - 2000 v Sloveniji. Na osnovi rezultatov analize podatkov, programa sistematičnih preventivnih pregledov predšolskih otrok in poznanih učinkovitih preventivnih ukrepov je bil izdelan predlog programa svetovanja o preprečevanju poškodb v zdravstvenem varstvu predšolskih otrok na primarni ravni. Rezultati: V zadnjih desetih letih je zaradi nenamernih poškodb in zastrupitev umrlo vsako leto povprečno 17 predšolskih otrok, 1560 pa jih je bilo sprejetih v bolnišnico. Med vzroki za smrtne poškodbe so v vseh starostih najpogostejše prometne nezgode, utopitve, zadušitve in padci, razen pri dojenčkih, ki jih ogrožajo tudi namerne poškodbe. Med vzroki za hospitalizacijo pa so pogoste še zastrupitve, opekline in poškodbe z ostrimi predmeti, orodjem in električnim tokom. Zaključki: Pričakujemo, da bo kombinacija svetovanja staršem v zdravstvenem varstvu predšolskih otrok na primarni ravni o preprečevanju poškodb, svetovanja patronažnih medicinskih sester na domu in ugodna ponudba nekaterih zaščitnih sredstev v novem zavitku za novorojenčka bolj učinkovita pri izboljšanju osveščenosti in varnem vedenju staršev.
Descriptors		ACCIDENT PREVENTION WOUNDS AND INJURIES HOSPITALIZATION CHILD, PRESCHOOL ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC DROWNING ACCIDENTAL FALLS POISONING BURNS