Author/Editor		Prezelj, Marija; Zorec-Karlovšek, Majda
Title		Transferin z zmanjšano vsebnostjo oglikohidratov v diagnostiki škodljive rabe alkohola
Translated title		Carbohydrate deficient transferrin in the diagnosis of harmful alcohol use
Type		članek
Source		Farm Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 53, št. 1
Publication year		2002
Volume		str. 41-9
Language		slo
Abstract		Harmful alcohol use is a major socio-economic problem. Excessive alcohol consumption is usually evaluated on the basis of the clinical picture, with the use of the different questionnaires (e.g. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, AUDIT) and with routine laboratory tests, including gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and mean cell volume of erythrocyte (MCV). Since responses to the questionnaire often do not reflect the subject's actual state and the laboratory tests have a comparatively low clinical sensitivity and specificity, researchers have been looking for other, more reliable biochemical methods. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), comprising various isoforms of serum transferrin with a reduced carbohydrate content, is currently regarded as the most promising marker of harmful alcohol use. We have analysed the results of the CDT assay and the serum levels of gamma-GT, AST and ALT determined in 140 blood specimens which were collected from drivers for measurement of the blood alcohol level. Our results show no correlation of the biochemical parameters with the levels of alcohol and CDT. However, the specimens with very high alcohol levels were somewhat more likely to show increased values of CDT or gamma-GT or both. The CDT assay could be used with benefit in diagnosis of alcoholism and in the treatment of illnesses connected with alcohol misuse.
Summary		Škodljiva raba alkohola (etanola) predstavlja velik družbeni problem. Pri posamezniku jo ugotavljamo običajno iz klinične slike, iz pogovora ter z različnimi vprašalniki in z rutinskimi laboratorijskimi preiskavami: gama-glutamil transferaza (gama-GT), aspartat aminotransferaza (AST), alanin aminotransferaza (ALT) in s povprečnim volumnom eritrocitov (PVE). Ker odgovori v vprašalnikih pogosto ne kažejo dejanskega stanja, laboratorijski testi pa imajo razmeroma nizko klinično občutljivost in specifičnost, se za objektivno preverjanje iščejo drugi, zanesljivejši biokemijski pokazatelji. Transferin z zmanjšano vsebnostjo ogljikohidratov CDT (carbohydrate-deficient transferrin), ki predstavlja izooblike serumskega transferina z zmanjšanim deležem ogljikohidratov, velja danes za najzaneslivejši pokazatelj škodljive rabe alkohola in za priporočljiv pokazatelj pri spremljanju abstinence. V članku podajamo, kako pogosto se pojavlja zvečan odstotek CDT (%CDT) ob običajnih biokemijskih pokazateljih škodljivega uživanja alkohola: gama-GT, AST, ALT v serumu 140 voznikov v cestnem prometu, ki jim je bila kri odvzeta za določitev alkohola v krvi. Primerjali smo tudi rezultate za %CDT z rezultati za gama-GT, AST, ALT in etanol. Delež voznikov z zvečanim %CDT ali zvečano aktivnostjo gama-GT ali z obema hkrati se veča s stopnjevano koncentracijo alkohola. Dobljeni rezultati kažejo, da ni ujemanja med biokemijskimi parametri gama-GT, AST, ALT in koncentracijo alkohola ali %CDT. Vendar lahko ocenimo, da merjenje %CDT daje zanesljive podatke o škodljivi rabi alkohola, ki so pomembni tako pri zdravljenju odvisnosti od alkohola kot tudi drugih bolezni, povezanih s škodljivo rabo alkohola.
Descriptors		ALCOHOL DRINKING AUTOMOBILE DRIVER EXAMINATION ALCOHOL, ETHYL TRANSFERRIN CARBOHYDRATES GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE