Author/Editor		Artnik, Barbara
Title		Poverty - the most important risk factor for inequality in health
Type		članek
Source		Anthropol Noteb
Vol. and No.		Letnik 8, št. 1
Publication year		2002
Volume		str. 7-18
Language		eng
Abstract		Poverty resulting from material shortage and from cultural and social exclusion, which is a conditioning association with a certain socio-economic group, is the biggest health-risk factor. Morbidiiy or mortality rates are much higher in the socio-economically deprived groups of population than is the case with the groups of population of better socio-economic status. For establishing the inequality in health, the morbidity or mortality rates by gender, age, nationality, geographical area and socio-economic characteristics could be applied. Poor health of people within the society as a whole and within individual social classes is conditioned by the social and economical organisation of the cociety, therefore the health indicators are also indicators of the socio-economic organisation of a country. The World Health Organization (WHO) is leading its policy on the basis of the fact that the world is one and indivisible and that there are big disparities existing in health condition among different countries as well as within them, representing the main obstacle for development. The data of WHO available are clearly showing big differences among indicators of the health condition between the western and eastern parts of the European Region. The differences are the most evident if following the infant mortality rate (from 3 to 43 per 1000 live births) and the life expectancy at birth (from age 79 to 64). In the year 1998, 11.3 % of Slovene inhabitants were living below the poverty line (measured by the modified OECD equivalence scale) (OECD-Organisation for Economic Co-Operation Development). With such a share, Slovenia is classified among the twelve countries of the EU with the lowest poverty rate, however the data could be misleading since in Slovenia we are not using the uniform methodology. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Summary		Revščina je zaradi materialnega pomanjkanja ter kulturne in socialne izključenosti, ki pogojuje pripadnost določeni družbeno-ekonomski skupini največji dejavnik tveganja za zdravje. Družbeno-ekonomsko prikrajšane skupine prebivalstva pogosteje zbolevajo in imajo višjo stopnjo umrljivosti kot skupine prebivalstva z boljšim družbeno-ekonomskim statusom. Za ugotavljanje razlik v zdravju uporabljamo kazalce (indicators) umrljivosti in zbolevnosti, ločeno po spolu, starosti, etnični pripadnosti, geografskemu območju in družbeno-ekonomskih značilnostih. Slabo zdravstveno stanje ljudi v družbi kot celoti in v posameznih socialnih slojih je odvisno od socialne in ekonomske organiziranosti družbe, zalo kazalci zdravstvenega stanja kažejo tudi na družbeno-ekonomsko organiziranost države. Politika Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) (World Health Organization WHO) izhaja iz spoznanja, da je svet eden in nedeljiv ter da so velike razlike v zdravstvenem stanju med državami in znotraj njih glavna ovira napredka. Iz razpoložljivih podatkov SZO so jasno vidne velike razlike v kazalcih zdravstvenega stanja med zahodnimi in vzhodnimi evropskimi državami. Najbolj očitne so razlike v umrljivosti dojenčkov (od 3 do 43 na 1000 živorojenih) in v pričakovani življenjski dobi ob rojstvu (od 79 do 64 let). V Sloveniji je leta 1998 živelo pod mejo revščine (merjene z OECD-jevo prirejeno ekvivalenčno lestvico) (OECD-Organisalion for Economic Co-Operation Development) 11,3% oseb. Ta delež uvršča Slovenijo med države evropske dvanajsterice z najnižjo stopnjo revščine, kar je lahko zavajajoče, ker ne uporabljamo enotne metodologije. Družbeno-ekonomska neenakost zdravja je velik izziv za načrtovanje Zdravstvene politike ne le zato, ker je takšna neenakost nepravična, ampak tudi zato, ker bi zmanjšanje zdravstvenih problemov med prikrajšanimi skupinami lahko prispevalo tudi k izboljšanju zdravstvenega stanja celotne populacije. (Izvleček skrajšan pri 2000 znakih).
Descriptors		POVERTY PUBLIC HEALTH HEALTH POLICY SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS HOLISTIC HEALTH WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INFANT MORTALITY LIFE EXPECTANCY EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY SLOVENIA