Author/Editor		Bregant, L
Title		Vpliv jemanja drog v nosečnosti na novorojenčka
Translated title		Effects of intrauterine exposure to illicit drugs on the newborn
Type		članek
Source		In: Gregorič A, editor. Nutritivna alergija. Farmakologija perinatalnega obdobja. Skrb za zdravje v prvem letu življenja. Zbornik predavanj 13. srečanje pediatrov v Mariboru z mednarodno udeležbo; 2003 apr 4-5; Maribor. Maribor: Splošna bolnišnica Maribor,
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. 116-20
Language		slo
Abstract		The use of illicit drugs is on the increase worldwide, with a similar trend also being seen in Slovenia. The American National Institute on Drug Abuse reported that, in 1992, 5.5% of pregnant women were taking an illicit drug, while the World Health Organization reports that 3-4% of the world's population misuses drugs. Due to unreliable historical data these estimates very likely underestimate the scope of the problem of illicit drug taking in pregnancy. Social stigmatisation of drug addicts prevents their joining detoxification programmes and obtaining assistance for pregnant women. In addition, the use of illicit drugs in pregnancy represents a severe health and financial problem. The main problems encountered by users of illicit drugs in pregnancy are placental insufficiency, abortion, foetal death, and infections, especially sexually transmitted diseases. Over 75% of newborns experience health problems after birth, which is 3 times more than in the newborns not exposed to drugs in utero. Medical care of these babies is twice as expensive as that of healthy babies. It is possible to non-invasively detect and follow-up the use of illicit drugs through urine, sweat and hair testing. The diagnostic "window", permitting the detection of drug abuse, depends on the type of drug. In the newborn, detection is based on meconium, urine and hair. The effects of various drugs on the foetus/newborn are variable. The paper describes the effects and possible measures in 4 groups of illicit drugs: marijuana, opioids, cocaine and amphetamines.
Descriptors		PRENATAL EXPOSURE DELAYED EFFECTS SUBSTANCE DEPENDENCE SUBSTANCE ABUSE DETECTION MATERNAL-FETAL EXCHANGE NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME PREGNANCY MARIJUANA ABUSE NARCOTICS COCAINE AMPHETAMINES