Author/Editor		Muri, Gregor; Wakeham, Stuart G; Faganeli, Jadran
Title		Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon in sediments of a remote alpine lake (Lake Planina, northwest Slovenia)
Type		članek
Source		Environ Toxicol Chem
Vol. and No.		Letnik 22, št. 5
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. 1009-16
Language		eng
Abstract		Polycyclic arornatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and black carbon (BC) were measured in alpine Lake Planina (Slovenia) sediment. Lake Planina is a remote mountain lake with almost no direct anthropogenic influence. Long-distance atmospheric deposition is a major pathway for the loading of contaminants to the sediment. The PAH were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, whereas the BC was determined by thermal oxidation method. A flux of PAH to surface sediments of approximately 1,100 microg m-2 year-1 was obtained and was higher than that in other alpine lakes of the central European Alps. However, surface sediment PAH concentration, normalized to organic carbon content (OC), amounted to 5 microg PAHpy/g OC and showed that Lake Planina is relatively equally exposed to atmospheric pollution compared with other lakes in the region. The BC:OC ratios ranged from 3 to 8% (w/w). In addition, a huge forest fire occurred in 1948 in the lake's surrounding area, which is recorded in the sediment. Both PA:H and BC distributians were affected by the fire in 1948 in the lake's watershed, because their concentration inereased remarkably. The concentration of retene, a molecular marker of coniferous wood combustion, increased to 1,000 ng/g dry weight,sediment at the sediment interval corresponding to approximately the year 1950.
Descriptors		FRESH WATER GEOLOGIC SEDIMENTS WATER POLLUTANTS POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS, AROMATIC CARBON CHROMATOGRAPHY, GAS SPECTRUM ANALYSIS LEAD CESIUM