Author/Editor		Paragi, Metka; Kolman, Jana; Kraigher, Alenka; Čižman, MIlan; Gubina, Marija; Ribič, Helena
Title		Invazivna pnevmokokna obolenja pri otrocih v Sloveniji in nove možnosti prepečevanja s konjugiranimi pnevmokoknimi cepivi
Translated title		Invasive pneumococcal diseases in children in Slovenia and nw ew possibilities of prevention with pneumococcal conjugated vaccines
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 42, št. Suppl 1
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. 35-41
Language		slo
Abstract		Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. The appearance of S. pneumoniae strains resistant to penicillin causes considerable problems in the treatment of these diseases. These problems are getting worse throughout the world and have highlighted the importance of immunization. Two vaccines are currently available: a 23-valent pneumocbccal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) and a new 7-valent conjugated vaccine (PCV) approved in 2000 in the USA. The conjugated vaccine has several important advantages: it is immunogenic in children under 2 years (the most at-risk age group) and reduces the carrier rate for the most invasive serotypes, which often carry resistance to antibiotics. A study conducted between 1993 and 2001 showed that the 7-valent conjugated vaccine covers 74% of invasive pneumococcal serotypes found in Slovenia. The 9- and 11-valent conjugated vaccines, which are still under development, cover 76% and 81% of the same serotypes, respectively. For the time being, it would be reasonable to use the 7-valent conjugated vaccine for children, who are at most risk for pneumococcal diseases.
Summary		Po Gramu pozitivna bakterija Streptococcus pneumoniae (pnevmokok) ostaja eden najpomembnejših povzročiteljev obolevnosti in umrljivosti otrok zaradi bakterijskih okužb. Vse številnejše pojavljanje sevov pnevmokoka, ki so odporni na penicilin in druge antibiotike, povzroča težave v zdravljenju teh bolezni in poudarja pomembnost cepiv v preprečevanju tovrstnih okužb. Trenutno sta na tržišču dve vrsti cepiv: 23-valentno pnevmokokno polisaharidno cepivo in novo 7-valentno pnevmokokno konjugirano cepivo, ki je bilo registrirano v letu 2000 v ZDA. Konjugirano pnevmokokno cepivo je imunogeno pri otrocih, mlajših od dveh let, ki so najbolj. ogroženi, in hkrati vpliva tudi na zmanjševanje nosilstva. Z raziskavo seroloških tipov invazivnih pnevmokokov v letih 1993-2001 v Sloveniji smo ugotovili, da 7-valentno pnevmokokno cepivo vsebuje 74% sevov, ki povzročajo invazivne bolezni v Sloveniji, 9- in 11-valentni cepivi, ki sta še v razvoju, pa 76 in 81% sevov. V Sloveniji je smiselna takojšnja uporaba 7-valentnega konjugiranega cepiva za otroke, ki jih invazivne pnevmokokne okužbe še posebej ogrožajo.
Descriptors		PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTIONS STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE BACTERIAL VACCINES VACCINES, CONJUGATE INCIDENCE DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL