Author/Editor		Krizmanić, Tatjana
Title		Heterotopne osifikacije in smernice za fizioterapevtsko obravnavo pri poškodovancih po nezgodni poškodbi možganov
Translated title		Heterotopic ossification and instruction of physiotherapy in adults with traumatic head injuries
Type		članek
Source		Fizioterapija
Vol. and No.		Letnik 11, št. Suppl 1
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. 27-35
Language		slo
Abstract		Introduction: The incidence of heterotopic ossification in person with traumatic head injury is 11-76%. They may cause pain, lead into limited mobility of joints and when heterotopic ossification develops, it limits the function, too. Objectives: The purpose of the article is to present clinical features, incidence and localisations of heterotopic ossification, the disability of the patient and physical therapy in adult with traumatic head injury. Methods: For presentation of the article, literature was reviewed in which the questions of etiology, triggers and causes of heterotopic ossification mechanism were discussed. Further on the hypothesis for eventual causes and prevention therapeutic procedures were discussed. Results: Different research projects aim at understanding etiology of heterotopic ossification, but the real reason has not been clearified so far. Heterotopic ossification frequently follows local mechanical soft tissue injuries. They can appear after different surgical procedures and after injuries of central nerve system. The most frequent locations of heterotopic ossification are around hips, knees, shoulders and elbows. Authors emphasize that the most effective prevention of heterotopic ossification are early use of non-steroidal antiinflammatQry drugs, local low-dose radiation and physical therapy. When heterotopic ossification significantly limits the function of the involved joint surgical excision of heterotopic bone is indicated. Conclusion: In the acute phase following injury the role of physiotherapist is to maintain the range of motion to prevent complications after the onset of heterotopic ossification. In the case of further development of heterotopic ossification resulting in limited range of motion, the physiotherapist uses different techniques to compensate the disability and facilitates the patient to perform new strategies. Better knowledge of pathogenesis can indicate a new, specific method of prevention and treatment.
Descriptors		BRAIN INJURIES HIP PROSTHESIS BURNS AMPUTATION OSSIFICATION, HETEROTOPIC PHYSICAL THERAPY