Author/Editor		Pinter, Bojana
Title		Spolno in reproduktivno zdravje mladostnikov - kje smo v Sloveniji?
Translated title		Sexual and reproductive health of adolescents - where we are in Slovenia?
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 72, št. Suppl 2
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. II-27-30
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. The rate of adolescent pregnancies (15-19 years) in Slovenia have been decreasing in the last twenty years. In 1981 the birth rate was 37/1000 and the abortion rate was 24/1000. In 2000 the birth rate was 8/1000 and the abortion rate was 12/1000. The abortion rates have been perisisted around 12/1000 since 1992. Why the abortion rate among adolescents does not decrease? The comparison with European countries, in which abortion rate is low (around 5/1000) shows, that the reasons should be searched in the low prevalence of oral contraceptive (OC) use in Slovenia. In Slovenia OCs are used in only 14% of secondary-school students, but in the countries with the lowest abortion rates OCs are used in 40-60%. Therefore, the use of OCs among adolescents should be encouraged to decrease the number of unintended pregnancies. At the Center for adolescents at University Department of Ob/Gyn in Ljubljana and in the network for sexual and reproductive health of adolescents a lot of activites have been carried out in the last years in the field of education of health workers and teachers, in establishing the communication between health workers and teachers and in delivering information to lay population. However, there has been no rise in the use of effective contraception. Conclusions. We determine that we need wider professional and political support to improve the accessability od adolescent service and to improve the reproductive health of adolescents.
Summary		Izhodišča. Delež nosečnosti med mladostnicami, starimi 15-19 let, v Sloveniji v zadnjih dveh desetletjih pada. V letu 1981 je rodilo 37/1000 mladostnic, umetno splavilo pa 24/1000. Leta 2000 je rodilo 8/1000 mladostnic, splavilo pa 12/1000. Vendar delež umetnih prekinitev nosečnosti (UNP) vztraja na 12/1000 že od leta 1992. Zakaj se delež UPN med mladostnicami več ne zmanjšuje? Primerjava z evropskimi državami, v katerih je splavnost med mladostnicami nizka (okoli 5/1000), kaže, da gre vzroke iskati v slabi razširjenosti uporabe kontracepcijskih (KC) tablet v Sloveniji. V Sloveniji KC tablete uporablja le 14% spolno aktivnih srednješolk, v državah z najnižjimi deleži UPN pa mladostnice uporabljajo KC tablete kar v 40-60%. Zato je za uspešno zniževanje števila neželenih nosečnosti nujno potrebno omogočiti večjo rabo KC tablet med mladostnicami. V okviru Centra za mladostnike Ginekološke klinike Kliničnega centra v Ljubljani in v mreži regijskih nosilcev spolnega in reproduktivnega zdravja mladostnikov smo v zadnjih letih izvedli številne aktivnosti na področju izobraževanja zdravstvenih delavcev in učiteljev, vzpostavljanja komunikacije med zdravstvenimi in pedagoškimi delavci ter informirali laično populacijo. Kljub temu se uporaba zanesljive kontracepcije ni zvišala. Zaključki. Sklepamo, da za izboljšanje dostopnosti ambulant za mladostnice in izboljšanje reproduktivnega zdravja mladostnikov potrebujemo širšo podporo stroke in politike.
Descriptors		ADOLESCENT HEALTH SERVICES SEX BEHAVIOR SEXUALITY ADOLESCENCE PREGNANCY IN ADOLESCENCE ABORTION, LEGAL CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, HORMONAL